Optimization of zein and PVA-electrosprayed particles for protein-based therapies

Encapsulation within a polymeric matrix facilitates targeted drug delivery and release under controlled conditions. This study employed a customized electrospraying system to fabricate zein and poly(vinyl alcohol) particles, optimizing operational parameters to achieve minimized particle size and optimal distribution. Characterization revealed that poly(vinyl alcohol) particles averaged 156 nm, with a peak count at 160 nm, while zein particles averaged approximately 148 nm, with a peak count at 205 nm. These particle sizes fall within the range of optimal potential uptake into the tissue, leading to a better absorption of bioactive agents. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed interactions between poly(vinyl alcohol), zein, and bovine serum albumin forming complex structures, suggesting that bovine serum albumin can be effectively encapsulated with these biopolymers. Our results confirmed that the system is suitable as a potential protein encapsulation method in the development of protein-based therapies.