Fundamentación ética del deber sobre el acceso abierto a fuentes de información científica

Scientific work generates sources of information through samples, data, results, or code writing such as software. This article ethically addresses the imperative that all parties involved in scientific research share information sources promptly, in consideration of the bioethics of duty. The literature retrieved from Web of Science was analyzed using the search terms 'ethical duty of open access to scientific information' up to July 2022. The exchange or availability of information allows for greater progress in science; however, it is not yet practiced in all areas. Ethical perspectives of researchers and the multidisciplinarity of research should be considered in decisions regarding the exchange of information to make it available to the scientific community. Even when normative duty criteria are applied, such as the positive duty, referring to data being actively available, or the negative duty, which involves refraining from preventing others from doing so, ethical principles in scientific practice should be considered. These include the community principle, which suggests that data do not belong to an individual researcher or a group of researchers but should be accessible to all researchers and the scientific community. Additionally, the disinterest principle indicates that scientists should not pursue their self-interest at the expense of the interests of the scientific community. It is concluded that there is an increasing awareness of the duty to share information through open access data or codes, making scientific information freely accessible. The philosophy of promoting greater open access to available information sources is gaining wider acceptance in the scientific community.