NanoBiofertilizantes: Uso de arcillas en la preparación de Emulsiones de Pickering para formulados agrícolas a partir de biomasa microalgal de Arthrospira máxima

Agriculture has a great importance in the economy of our country due to its contribution in the internal production and in the generation of jobs, this being the sector responsible for the food security of many countries. In recent years, it has been affected by the reduction of agricultural areas, climate change and the increase in population. To meet these demands, it has been necessary to implement techniques to increase crop yields by productive area and this has been achieved through the use of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers, use of synthetic origin molecules for the control of pests and generation of more productive plant varieties, among others. However, the excessive use of synthetic fertilizers allowed to increase food productivity, causing great environmental damage in many regions of the world. In our country, values ​​of fertilizer consumption are of up to 980 kg/ha of productive land are reported, a figure that exceeds the data reported for the rest of Latin American and European countries. Costa Rica for many years has been recognized as a highly pineapple producing country where it generates around $65,000 million colones at the national level, it is estimated that it produces 48,000 direct and indirect jobs and the average salary of workers is 6% higher than the minimum wage of law. Likewise, this crop becomes an activity with a high social and economic impact, and environmental impact. Reason why, the producers emphasize the positive impact of the crop and the environmental groups emphasize the negative aspects. This proposal aims to solve the lack of research and development of emulsion formulations of biofertilizers, likewise, the effect it would have on the improvement of microbial soil conditions is not known. The combination of microalgal biomasses and Costa Rican clays in the formulation of a nanobiofertilizer aims to generate a product prototype that, in addition to giving a nutritional contribution to crops through the content of amino acids, phytohormones, organic matter, macro and micronutrients, also has the benefits that the clays would bring. Once a prototype formulation of nanobiofertilizer has been established, tests will be carried out on experimental plots with pineapple plants. In spite of the fact that there are different agricultural inputs in the market with new technologies that allow increasing crop yields, at present there is not a national technology product, which in addition to contributing to improvements in agricultural yields, would aim to reduce the carbon footprint, reducing the effect of pesticides and contributing to the restoration of microbial communities in the soil.

Evaluar el uso de arcillas para la formulación de Nanobiofertilizantes a base de microalgas por medio de emulsiones Pickering y su efecto en las comunidades microbianas de suelo en cultivos de piña.

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