Estudio del comportamiento biomecánico-osteointegración de implantes biomédicos procesados con tecnologías de manufactura avanzada

In this research proposal, the Bioinspired Materials and Processes Research Group and the Nanostructured Materials through Severe Plastic Deformation Research Group converge in an integrated effort to validate in-vivo materials and structural design aimed at the development of bone implants. Previously, materials such as alpha+beta titanium alloys (e.g., Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-7Nb, and Ti-13Nb-13Zr), beta alloys (e.g., Ti-Nb, Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta-Hf), and absorbable magnesium-based alloys (e.g., Mg-Ca), as well as biocompatible polymeric materials like hyperelastic bone (based on PCL (polycaprolactone) with hydroxyapatite and bioglass reinforcement), have been studied, which have been the subject of research by the two highly experienced research groups. The main objective of this proposal is to conduct studies in metallurgical, mechanical, physical, surface, structural, biocompatibility, osteointegration, and biomechanical behavior areas, covering both pre and post-surgical stages, focusing on bone implants manufactured through advanced manufacturing techniques. Among the essential activities, the design and fabrication of implants using specialized software for advanced design and manufacturing, as well as technologies such as L-PBF (Laser-Powder Bed Fusion), bio-printing, and HPT (High Pressure Torsion), stand out. Additionally, detailed analyzes of the properties of these implants will be conducted, preclinical tests will be performed on animal models, and biomechanical evaluations of the implants will be carried out once removed from the bone. For the detailed characterization of the alloys, support will be provided by the Magnesium Research Center at Kumamoto University in Japan, the Kyushu Institute of Technology, and the Future Manufacturing Technologies research group at the University of Oulu in Finland. Implantations will be carried out following rigorous protocols under the supervision and participation of the National University of Costa Rica. Preclinical in-vivo trials will be managed by external collaborators from the National University of Costa Rica, and the TEC research group will be the central driver for the development of structures and materials, as well as for the studies conducted before and after the implantations. Upon the conclusion of this research, a meticulous study on the functional viability of various structures and materials for implementation in bone replacement implants will be available. This study will serve as the essential foundation for determining biomechanical, functional, and biocompatibility properties, especially in terms of osteointegration, and will lay the groundwork for the development of personalized biomedical implants with functional characteristics tailored to the specific needs of each patient. This proposal is established as a crucial step to ensure that the developed implants are viable and significantly benefit human health. Its success underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and the integration of experts from different geographical areas.

Desarrollar estudios de metalúrgicos, morfológicos, bio-mecánicos y biológicos, en etapas pre y postquirúrgicas, de los implantes
óseos fabricados con materiales y procesos de manufactura avanzados

1. Degradación y Protección de Materiales
2. Caracterización de Materiales y Ensayos no Destructivos (END)
3. Mecánica de Materiales
4. Tecnologías Avanzadas para el Desarrollo y Aplicación de Materiales