Desarrollo tecnológico de plantas inoculadas con HMA y hongos endófitos como herramienta para mejorar la aclimatación, el establecimiento en campo y la productividad de semilla certificada de papa

Potato cultivation is of great agricultural and economic importance in Costa Rica, as it is an essential part of the basic food basket and sustains the economy of the producing areas, especially in Oreamuno, Alvarado, Turrialba (Cartago), and Zarcero (Alajuela). However, it faces environmental problems due to the intensive use of agrochemicals to control pests, diseases, and weeds, as well as limitations in access to high-quality physiological and genetic seed, which affects the productivity and sustainability of the system. The inoculation of beneficial microorganisms, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Trichoderma spp., represents a promising biotechnological alternative to improve the adaptation and yield of potato plants. These microorganisms will be inoculated into potato tissue cultures grown in an autotrophic hydroponic system (AHS). These organisms establish symbiotic relationships that increase nutrient absorption, tolerance to adverse conditions, and resistance to pathogens, helping to reduce the use of agrochemicals and environmental impact. The use of in vitro techniques allows for the production of vitroplants pre-inoculated with beneficial microorganisms, free of pathogens and with better physiological performance, facilitating acclimatization and establishment in the field. Recent research on crops such as banana, date palm, rice, and potato confirms that pre-inoculated plants show greater tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress and favor the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms in the soil. Taken together, the scientific evidence and data collected in previous projects support the development of a prototype potato seedling inoculated with AMF and Trichoderma spp., aimed at improving pre-basic seed productivity, reducing dependence on agrochemicals, and promoting more sustainable agriculture in the country.

Evaluar un prototipo de plantas de papa inoculadas con HMA y Trichoderma sp. para ser utilizadas en la producción de semilla prebásica

Biotecnología Agrícola