Caracterización de la deuda morosa en Costa Rica. Un estudio longitudinal del sector crediticio no regulado.

Credit is key to economic growth since it facilitates the mobilization of resources between savers and
investors. In addition, access to credit allows families to increase their consumption and access goods
and services that would not be possible with their income or savings, such as education and housing
(García, Jiménez and Durán, 2016).
While it is true that credit is a tool that could bring well-being to those who have access to it, overindebtedness could cause a considerable decrease in people's liquidity, increase defaulting, and limit their
ability to consume and invest. This could trigger a chain reaction; that would ultimately affect their quality
of life and economic stability (Cubillo and Valerín, 2019).
Currently, the democratization of credit and technological facilities around the financial system have
increased accessibility to credit (Bird, Hagstrom and Wild, 1997; Kohn and Dynan, 2007; Dick and
Lehnert, 2010; Dynan, Mian and Pence, 2012). Additionally, consumers are more willing to credit, which
causes a weakening of savings and an increase in the use of credit to finance consumer spending
(Pavlãkovã and Rozboåil, 2014).
Due to the above, there is great interest on the part of researchers in investigating financial difficulties
due to non-payment of debts. An aspect of particular importance is to know the variables that are
associated with this phenomenon, especially in the Costa Rican environment where the study of the
subject has been little addressed.
Although the literature presents advances in profiling the variables that influence financial difficulty, it is
generally based on empirical studies with relatively small samples, and they have not had access to the
financial reality of consumers.
In 2019, TEC and Equifax signed a cooperation agreement for the generation of updated and reliable
credit information. This is how in 2020 the first National Report on Bad Debt was born. At the time, the
report included the analysis of the debt from 2018 to the first half of 2020, however, the scope of the
results was basically descriptive.
Therefore, in this research we have set ourselves the objective of continuing the study longitudinally, in
addition to raising the level of analysis of the report, moving from a descriptive study to an explanatorycorrelational study. Specifically, for the 2022 and 2023 reports, it is intended to delve into the
socioeconomic characteristics and their influence on the defaulting debtors of Costa Ricans as well as
delving into the understanding debtor´s behaviour from the scope socio-psychological theories.
For the development of this research, there will be a robust sample of more than one million defaulting
accounts from the unregulated credit sector in Costa Rica. Said sample will be provided by the EquifaxCosta Rica credit bureau.

Determinar la influencia de las principales variables sociodemográficas del costarricense en el
nivel de endeudamiento del sector crediticio no regulado en Costa Rica durante los años 2022 y
2023.

Líneas de investigación del CIADEG, a saber:
1. Gestión Pública y Desarrollo, la cual busca comprender la forma cómo gestionan las
organizaciones del sector público costarricense y a partir de la realidad desarrollar una base
teórica que permita determinar las estrategias idóneas para este segmento. Específicamente con
los resultados de este proyecto de investigación se podría apoyar la toma de decisiones del
sector público bancario y las organizaciones relacionadas como la SUGEF.
2. Entorno y Gestión de Negocios, la cual trata de entender la complejidad y competitividad de los
negocios como mecanismos dinámicos para que éstos logren superar los constantes cambios
del mercado. Así, la investigación aportará información a las empresas financieras y comerciales
que ofrecen créditos al mercado nacional, en especial procurando entender las nuevas reglas
del juego que la pandemia trajo consigo.
Líneas de investigación del Comité Técnico de Investigación del Departamento de Orientación y Psicología
(DOP):
3. Acceso y Equidad.